Recommendations for future research include enhancements to the PAT mobile app and investigating what effect the time of day has on susceptibility to phishing. The results indicated that a countdown timer set at 3-seconds accompanied by red warning text was most effective on the user’s ability to avoid clicking on a malicious link or attachment. The study was completed in three phases with 42 subject matter experts and 107 participants. Our goal was to determine whether requiring users to wait with a colored warning and a timer has any effect on phishing attempts. In this study, we designed, developed, and empirically tested a Pause-and-Think (PAT) mobile app that presented a user with a warning dialog and a countdown or count-up timer. The key aim of our experimental field study was to investigate if requiring the user to pause by presenting a countdown or count-up timer when a possible phishing email is opened will influence the user to enter System-Two thinking. System-One is a quick, instinctual decision-making process, while System-Two is a process by which humans use a slow, logical, and is easily disrupted. Kahneman introduced the concepts of System-One and System-Two thinking. Training does not appear to mitigate the effects of phishing much other solutions are warranted. It is well-documented in literature that users continue to click on phishing emails costing them and their employers significant monetary resources and data loss. It exploits the weakest link of information systems security, the users. Social engineering costs organizations billions of dollars. Limitations of the proposed study and recommendation for further research are provided. This paper will outline the rationale and the process proposed for the validation of the field experiments with Subject Matter Experts (SMEs). Therefore, the main goal of this work-in-progress research study is to determine through experimental field study whether requiring email users to pause by displaying a phishing email warning with a timer, has any effect on users falling to simulated phishing attacks. Additionally, timers were found in other research fields (medicine, transportation, etc.) to affect users’ judgement and reduce human errors. ‘System Two’ is often triggered by a pause in the decision-making process.
Humans use two types of decision-making processes: a heuristic decision, which is a quick, instinctual decision-making process known as ‘System One’, and a second, known as ‘System Two,’ that is a slow, logical process requiring attention. Prior research indicated that attackers use phishing emails to create an urgency and fear response in their victims causing them to use quick heuristics, which leads to human errors. While email filtering and warning messages have been implemented for over three decades, organizations are constantly falling for phishing attacks. Phishing is the most pervasive social engineering attack. Industry and law enforcement reports indicate that social engineering incidents costs organizations billions of dollars. Social engineering is the technique in which the attacker sends messages to build a relationship with the victim and convinces the victim to take some actions that lead to significant damages and losses. It is viewed outside the domains of computer security since there are no technical solutions to this problem. The problem with social engineering is that it is among the most under researched and most effective cyber-crimes. The increase in the usage of such scams and con attacks on the weakest security links to information: humans, have caused major individual and occupational loss. The objective of this review paper is to lay emphasize on the human element which is the biggest threat to the security of a company or organization and to highlight social engineering based attacks as one of the major threats to the society. Lack of awareness has caused for such social engineering crimes to have been overlooked and not treated as a major threat.
It is a simple preference of criminals to exploit peoples trust rather than technology, since it is easier to exploithumans' natural inclination to trust.
#Intruder combat training hacked training 2x hacked password#
It is a strategical attack that depends on human interaction, a complex fraud system, tricking individuals into giving their password and bank information.
Social engineering is the art of extracting classified information by psychological manipulation.
0 kommentar(er)
